AIDS is the main specific features of systemic immune dysfunction sexually transmitted diseases, immune damage and immune dysfunction are its main features. With the progress of the disease and decreased immune function, not previously infected with the normal bacteria, viruses, protozoa, AIDS patients will fungal infections and lead to all kinds of opportunistic infections and the opportunity to tumors.

AIDS patients with opportunistic infections of the immune level of the time. and peripheral blood CD4 immune cells is the best level of expression. CD4 blood cells at different levels, the nature and type of opportunistic infections is not the same. When the immune function better when (more than 500 CD4 cells), there was no body of opportunistic infections. But with the decline in immune function, CD4 cell count at 200-5000, on the possible tuberculosis and opportunistic infections, such as herpes zoster. When the CD4 cell count of less than 200, there will be a wide range of patients with serious opportunistic infections. More lower immune function, the nature of the more serious opportunistic infections.

The most common opportunistic infection in patients with AIDS in the respiratory, digestive, skin and nervous system. sometimes there will be the opportunity to tumors. The clinical manifestations of the four main symptoms : fever, diarrhea, oral fungal infections (oral ulcers) and rash.

In the respiratory system, tuberculosis and pneumocystis carinii pneumonia is most common. The two opportunistic infections accounted for the majority of lung infection. Therefore, AIDS patients develop fever, cough, breathing difficulties and other symptoms. may be considered to be the first card Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia or tuberculosis, then we have to consider other bacterial and fungal infections. Generally speaking, Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia was observed in patients with advanced AIDS, the main treatment with oral trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole. TB could be found in advanced AIDS, pulmonary tuberculosis and disseminated tuberculosis prevalent. Once confirmed patients with tuberculosis, should conduct regular anti-tuberculosis treatment, and time as long as possible.

Digestive to oral fungal infections (oral ulcer), and diarrhea are more common. oral fungal infection with Candida albicans infection, and are often combined oral ulcer. Diarrhea is a common opportunistic infection in patients with advanced AIDS, mainly painless watery diarrhea, infected with pathogenic bacteria, viruses, protozoa, and fungi, which protozoa (Cryptosporidium) and fungi prevalent.

Rash is the most common opportunistic infection in patients with AIDS. As early as the mid patients often had herpes zoster, a skin rash in patients with various advanced to the prevalence of the most common. Diagnosis and treatment is more difficult.

Opportunistic infections in the nervous system of cryptococcal meningitis, tuberculous meningitis and toxoplasmosis encephalopathy prevalent. Central nervous system with advanced AIDS and opportunistic infections is the most serious opportunistic infections, the death rate is extremely high. So special attention should be paid to prevention.

AIDS opportunistic Capocchi sarcoma and lymphoma tumors in the patients with female patients with cervical cancer prevalent.

AIDS patients with opportunistic infections, how to effectively prevent the occurrence? Generally speaking, the conditions of patients, the best immune function was measured every 3-6 months. when they found that the CD4 cell count dropped to around 350, it should be noted. Anti-HIV treatment can be carried out at this time, can also take the medicine can enhance immunity further observation for a longer period of time. However, during this period there opportunistic infections, antiretroviral treatment should be carried out immediately. When the CD4 cells dropped to 200%, the anti-virus treatment should be carried out immediately. Antiviral therapy, immunity can be rebuilt and resumed gradually to prevent opportunistic infections occurred.

Beijing You'an Hospital, Zhang

[Database]

Window period.

Body of HIV infection, the immune system to produce antibodies need for a certain amount of time. At the same time, the investigation can not be detected in peripheral blood of HIV antibodies. We have to HIV infection from the HIV antibody in the body during this period, known as the window period. General window period for 4-8 weeks, the shortest was two weeks up to six months. The window period, from the human body can detect HIV antibodies in blood, but those who have been infected with contagious. When suspected HIV infection, it is generally carried out in three months or so HIV infection. If three on antibody-negative, is not assured themselves can be detected in a further six months. Six also negative on HIV antibody testing, it can basically eliminate the AIDS.

This article was posted on 2007-02-27